Fitting Losses (K-Factor)
Calculate the pressure and head loss through valves, bends and fittings from their K-factors and the flow velocity, free online.
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Minor loss h = K · v² ÷ 2g and ΔP = K · ρv² ÷ 2. Typical K values: 90° elbow 0.9, gate valve (open) 0.2, globe valve 10, check valve 2, tee (branch) 1.8, sudden contraction 0.5, pipe exit 1.0. Add the K of each fitting in series.